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I. Chin Ralzam Dirhmun (1988-2010)
1.1. World Record Hnintu Chin Ralzam
Kum 1989 ah Kawlram ralzam 4 le 1990 ah 28 an um tiah UNHCR cazin ah a kan khumh.# 2009 ahcun vawleipumpi ah ralzam tambik (5) nak ram kan si.# Vawleipumpi ah 2009 ah Kawlram ralzam 49,376 nih UNHCR kan sok, 42,878 pom kan si, 3,146 hnawl kan si.# Malaysia longah 2009 ah Kawlram ralzam 37,828 nih kan sok, 33,802 pom kan si, 411 hnawl kan si, 2,084 kharpiak kan si. Hi kumah Delhi UNHCR ah Kawlram ralzam 3,935 nih kan sok, 1,253 pom kan si, 22 hnawl kan si, 652 cases kharpiak kan si.# 2009 ah Malaysia UNHCR zung hi vawleipumpi ah dornak haltu tambik pakhatnak hmun a si, Somalia, Kenya, Turkey le India nih an dot. Ralzam a soktu pakhatnak ram ah Zimbabwe (15,820) an si, pahnihnak ah Myanmar (48,600) kan si.# 2008 chungah ralzam dornak haltu thar tambiknak ram hi Malaysia le India UNHCR zungah a rak si rih.# Malay le India UNHCR zungah dornak soktu hi Chinmi ngot kan si caah Chin ralzam soktu kan punnak nih ‘world record’ kumhnih tiang a hninh phah ti a langhter.
1.2. Tulio Chin Ralzam Dirhmun
Jan 2011 tiangah Malaysia ah Kawlram ralzam 84,800 chungah Chin ralzam 36,500 hi UNHCR nih ralzam cazin ah (register) a kan khumh.# Chin ralzam 36,000 hrong cu kum 2001 in 2011 karah Malay UNHCR nih ralzam ah a kan pom cang lai tiah zumh a si. Tulio Chin ralzam zapi 50,000 in 55,000 kar Malaysia ah kan tang.# Jan 2011 tiangah Delhi UNHCR nih Kawlram ralzam 5,000 cu cazin ah a kan luh.# Tulio Delhi ah Kawlram ralzam 10,000 hrong kan um, Chinmi tambik kan si.# Chin ralzam 37,000 hrong hi kumkul chungah UNHCR nih Delhi le Malaysia in ramthum a kan lanhter cang lai, tiah tuak a si.# 1999 ah Guam tikulh in Chinmi longte 700 renglo US mainland ah kan lut rih.# Kum 20 chungah ramthum dornak haltu (asylum seekers) he cun Chinmi ramthum pem hi 60,000 kan tling kho tiah zumh a si. Tulioah Malaysia le Delhi in Chinmi longte 60,000 hlei nih ramthum pem kan hngak cuahmah rih. Mizoram le kakip ah tampi kan tang fawn. Chinram milurel 500,000 (Ting-nga) hrong chungin kumkul chungah milu 125,000 (25%) hrongnih a runrun in Chinram kan zaam tak.#
1.3. Ziah Chinram Kan Zamtak?
Mipem ti cu Chinmi nih kan i fahsak ngaingai. 1988 buai hnu-ah ralkap a tomtom in Chinram an hung kai. Lukmalak ah sakhan (50) leng an sak, battalion 14 lengnih umhmun an khuar.# Ralkap 30,000 lengkai nih an kan congh, Chin milu 12 ah Ralkap pakhat khan nih an kan umhnawh# Pi Suu Kyi nih ‘Burma is prison’ a ti bang ram pumpi cu thonginn bantuk ah ai cang. Ram mipi cu thongtla ah kan cang. Hi dirhmun roro ah Chinmi an kan hrem a fakkhun, miphun in a kan thleidan, chuahkehnak in a kan serhsat, Khrihfa ram kan si caah a kan huat khun. Ralhruang sakter, chuk le cho kuli phorhter, hramhram riantuanter, duhpoh in chuih le bengh, tlaih le khih, thah le nawn, tlaihrem tiangin tuar peng a si. Cucaah January 2011 ah Noble laksawng dawng Physicians for Human Rights (USA) nih ‘Chinmi 92% nih hremnak fak an ing, ci-hmih an timh hna, a tlawmbik hremnak an tuar mi phunriat hi vawleipi biaceih zungah tazacuai tlak a tling’, tiah cahmai (64) chah report an chuah phah.# Zalonnak an khap, thanchonak an phih, Cozah zungthu ei khim an pe lo, lothlo nih duhning lo an thlo kho lo, lo chuak a zor, tlacop kuli lek awk a um lo, Cozah chiat hrat cu kan ram nih kan paw a kan khimh kho ti lo. Kan ram cia-ah rawltam in thihnak chacun mitchinh kamseh in ralkap uknak celh loah a runpi in ramdang kan hung zam.# Nutling patling a si kho poah i thawh cio a si. January 2009 ah Human Rights Watch nih ‘Kawlram ah Chinmi an him lo, India zongah venhim an si lo’ timi report an rak chuah rih.# Hi minthang cachuah hna nih Chinmi kan temtuar a fah zia vawleipi hmaiah fiang tein hmanthlak hmuhin an langhter. Chinmi kan inntuarnak theihpiak in UNHCR nih ah a kan hlawm. Ramthum ram hna nih an kan zuanhnawh, an ramah an kan thial ziahmah I dornak a kan pek.
1.4. Chin Ralzam Thawhnak le UNHCR Luh Thawknak
a) 1988 Chin Ralzam: 1988 democracy cawlcanghnak ah Chin Sianghleiruun tampi an i tel. Ralkap nih meithal in a kah hna lengah Sept 1988 ah SLORC min in uknak an lak than tikah tlaih in a dawi rih hna caah sianghleirunn tampi cu Manipur ramri Moreh in lutna, Mizoram ramri, Farkawn in a lutna, Saiha in a lutna, kakip in India ah a runpi in an rak zam. Rajiv Gandhi Prime Minister a tuan lio a si lengah Kawlram India Embassy ah kan phunhoi Pu L. Kei Vom zong zungthubawi a tlaih lio a si caah democracy cawlcangtu pawl cu India nih lang-hngan in a rak dirhkamh colh. Ralzam 200 hrong cu 13, October 1988 ah Champhai camp# 20 hrong cu December 1988 ah Saiha camp# le 50 hrong cu Manipur ramkulh Moreh refugee camp honpiak in India Cozah nih a rak hlawm. Hihi chanthar Chin ralzam aa thawknak cu a si.
b) India UNHCR Luhnak: Kawl Ralkap cu India ramri Moreh camp ah an lut an chuak. Camp um ralzam cu ‘kir uh, nan kir lo cun nan chungkhar nih an tuar lai’ tiah an rak hrocer lengmang hna caah camp cu Chandal rikulh, Leikhun Camp ah an thial. Ralzam 47 an um. Eidin an tlacham, harnak nganpi an tong# Thongtla ko an lo.# Cucaah camp lengah chuakin chungkhar he pehtlaihnak an tuah, sii-aii le eidin an zalh lioah vanchiat ah Manipur palik nih an tlaih hna. Foreigners Act in tazacuai an si. Cucu India Sih-ni (Lawyers) pawl nih an theih caah an va kal hnawh hna. Thonginn in an chuah hna lengah Delhi ah an hruai rih hna I, UNHCR ah ralzam an sokpi hna.# Cu chungah tulio Australia um Tahan mi Pi Zothansangpuii cu Delhi UNHCR nih 21 October 1989 ah ralzam ah a pom hmasabikmi Chin miphun BU-01 a si. BU-2 hi Nay Myo Aung (Norway) le BU-3 cu Aung Thant Myint (Canada) an si. Delhi UNHCR nih ramdang a kuat hmasabik Chinmi ah Pu Chia Rum le Pi Easter (USA) an si lai tiah zumh a si.# Hi hnuah ramri um 1988 Sianghleiruun pakhat hnih zong Delhi lei an hun fuh thok. 1990 thimnak cawlcangtu zong tlaih in a dawi rih hna lengah teitu Party zong a hrawh chap rih tikah ralzam an hung pung. 1993 ah CNF chungin a chuakmi zongnih Delhi UNHCR cu hunfuh thluahmah a si.
Rajiv Gandhi an thah hnuah India Foreign Policy duhsah in ai thleng. 1992 thokin Ralkap Cozah he chawlehthalnak phunphun min an thut, biatak tein hoikom ah an i ser than. Ralkap Cozah nih ‘refugee camphmunpi hmangin an ka doh’ tiah India sinah report a tuah. Cucaah 1 June 1995 ah Mizoram Cozah nih refugee camp phihnak awder No. 37 a chuah, camp cu khar a si.# Chin ralzam tampi harnak nganpi an tong colh. Cucaah UNHCR fuhah Delhi lei panhtu an hung pung chin ve. Camp ah pekmi refugee card piah ahcun biahal huaha loin UNHCR nih ralzam ah a rak pom. 1988 Sianghleirun deuh an si# Chinmi zaran nih ralzam sok a ngah le ngah lo an rak hngal lo. Aizawl um Chinmi nih phaisa an i kholh. Rev. Sang Awi cu ralzam sok a ngah le ngah lo Delhi ah 1995 ah an rak thlah. Sok a ngah ti a si caah Laimi dong hnih thum Delhi an rak phan colh ve. Caan zeimaw hnuah UNHCR nih ralzam ah a rak pom taktak hna.# Cu thokin mipi nih Delhi UNHCR cu hun fuh cio a si. 14 January 1996 ah Chin Refugee Committee an dirh.# 1992 ah Chinmi 10 hrong, 1997 ah 350 hrong, 2002 ah 15,00 hrong, 2011 ahcun 6,000 hrong Delhi kan phan.
c) Malaysia UNHCR Luhnak: Ram innpa kipah rak zam a si caah 1990s hrongah Malaysia ah Chinmi kan lut thok. 2000 ah 5,000 hrong kan phan. Tlaihkhih a tam, dohtlennak ruangah hrem a tuarmi an um. Malay UNHCR nih ralzam ah a pommi Kawlram mi 1996 ah 7, 1997 ah 2, 2000 ah 79 an rak um cang.# Ramthumnak zong a rak kuat pah len cang hna. Sihmanhsehlaw, Chinmi nih UNHCR sok kan rak hngal (rua) lo. Cucaah 2000 in CHRO le CNF hruaitu nih lam an rak kawl. July 2000 ah Malaysia UNHCR cu Dr. Sui Khar nih a ton hmasa.# 2001 ah Dr. Sui Khar le Pu Cung Bik Ling nih UNHCR hmunpi an ton rih. UNHCR biaronh bang January 2001 ah Pu Cung Bik Ling nih Malay Chinmi dirhmun le UNHCR soknak lam a pem kho le kho lo a rak dohhlat. Lam pem kho ding a langh caah CHRO nih Canada nubu bomhnak in Pu Bawi Lian Mang cu Malaysia ah an rak thlah. 13 February 2001 ah Malaysia UNHCR kutka cu a kingh. UNHCR nih Chin ralzam cu innka hunpiak colh a si.# 16 February 2001 ah Chin ralzam nih UNHCR zung an fuh thok.# Cu ni 16 February 2001 ah Chin Refugee Committee zong dirhcolh a si.# Nikhatnak ah Chin ralzam 40 leng nih UNHCR fuh a si.#19 February 2001 ah Pu Victor Khen Sang cu mirang holh thiam a si caah UNHCR nih interview an tuah hmasabik. Holh-lettu rian an khinh colh. Malaysia Chin ralzam caah sulsutu a si. Tulio Canada um Pi Sui Tlem nih refugee card a hmuh hmasabik. Chinmi tampi cu refugee sok an rak tih. Innah luhhnawh in a hnek in hnek chom a rak si. 2001 chungah Chinmi 400 hrongnih ralzam an hun sok. 20 hrong pom an rak si. July 2001 ah Pu Hee Mang (Mindate) cu ramthumnak Netherland ah kuat hmasabik a si. February 2001 ah Tum Hawng le Ciahmung cu US ah kuat an si ve. Pu Victor Khen Sang Canada ah a pem hlan te March 2004 ah Pu Zo Tum Hmung cu Malay UNHCR ah Chin International legal interpreter ah an hun khanh.# Chin ralzam zong duhsah in ramthum kan lan ziahmah. Malay phan zong kan pung ve. Kum 2003 ah 7500 kan phan, kum 2005 ah 13, 000, kum 2010 ah 45,000 hlei, Kum 2011 ahcun 50,000 hlei kan kai.
1.5. Chin Ralzam Ramthum Lanhnak
India le Malaysia ah ralzam soktu tambik cu Chinmi kan si. Hi ramhnih Kawlram ralzam ramthum pemning cazin zohah Chinmi ramthum lanhning ruahdamh pah kho a si.
a) 1996-2005 ralzam chuahning: 1996 in 2005 karah India UNHCR nih ramthum a kuatmi ralzam hi 1996 ah 306, 1997 ah 542, 1998 ah 803, 1999 ah 835, 2000 ah 1,290, 2001 ah 1,531, 2002 ah 830, 2003 ah 746, 2004 ah 423, 2005 ah 155 an si.# Chin Miphun tampi kan I tel lai. 1996 in 2005 karah Malaysia UNHCR nih ramthum a lanhtermi ralzam zat hi 1996 ah 14, 1997 ah an um lo, 1998 ah an um lo, 1999 ah 95, 2000 ah 31, 2001 ah 78, 2002 ah 102, 2003 ah 496, 2004 ah 553, 2005 ah 675 an si.# Hi chungah Kawlram ralzam a pemmi zat hi 1999 ah 7, 2001 ah 11, 2002 ah 16, 2003 ah 253, 2004 ah 357, 2005 ah 500 kan si.# 2001 hnu kuatmi ah Chin ralzam tambik kan si lai tiah zumh a si.
b) 2007 le 2009 ralzam chuahning: 2007 ah UNHCR nih Kawlram ralzam 5,474 cu Malaysia, 362 cu India, 75 cu Bangladesh le 14,335 cu Thailand in ramthum a kan kuat.# 2008 ah UNHCR nih Kawlram ralzam 5,808 cu Malaysia, 627 cu India, 156 cu Bangladesh le 16,563 cu Thailand in ramthum a kan kuat rih# 2008 ah Kawlram ralzam zapi 23,200 a kan kuat, vawleipumpi ah a tambik lakmi ram kan si.# 2009 ah UNHCR nih Asia pacific in ralzam 55,461 cu ramthum hna kutah a chanh, Kawlram mi 36,067 a kan thim, 44,332 an lak, Kawlram mi 24,784 kan I tel, a tambik Iraq dottu kan si rih.# 2009 ah UNHCR nih Kawlram ralzam a chanhmi (UNHCR referrals) zat hi Malaysia in 10,200 hlei le Delhi in 550 hlei kan si.# Hi chungah Malaysia in 7,509# India in 397, Bangladesh in 4,66 le Thailand in 16,460 ramthum lanhter kan si.#
c) 2011 ramthum lanhning timhtuahnak: 2011 chungah UNHCR nih Asia Pacific in ralzam 28,326 le South Asia in ralzam 20,045 hi rianrang in lak an hau, tiah nawlnak (Global appeals-2011) ca a chuah.# Hihi ramthum latu ram nih ralzam lakzat tuaknak hrampi ah an chiah lai. La cu an la dih kho lai zumh a um lo nain Kawlram ralzam 26,000 hrong la kho sual sehlaw Chinmi zeizatdah kan I tel hnga? Tambik 6,500 kan tling kho hnga maw? Thailand le Nepal um ralzam hi biapi ah zuanhnawh ai tim. Malay zong lak an hau a ti. India ralzam nih resettlement caah ‘unrealistic expectations’ an ngei, tiah report ah UNHCR nih an tialchih. # Hihi ralzam latu ram caah hnak a dohmi bia a si kho. Nain la locun an um lai lo.1996 in 2009 kar ralzam an lanhternak cazin zohin hnu-hmai ruahdamh pah thiam a si ko. Ramthum lanhnak fiang deuhin ruahdamh thiamnak caah UNHCR tuaktanning le ramthum latu ram hna khuaruahning purh khawh a herh ngai. Cucaah resettlement kongah UNHCR le ramthum rampawl riantuanning biapi deuhin kan zoh lai. Readmore
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